XI-BRIDGE-6385676864-49 Global Environment Facility NA Note: Disbursement data provided is cumulative and covers disbursement made by the project Agency.Global Environment Facility World Bank Ministry of Lands and Natural Resources, Dept of Game and Wildlife; Environmental Protection Agency CEO Endorsement Date Actual Implementation Start Date Expected Completion Date Actual Completion Date ' Ghana +![cdata[Biodiversity]]+ 1440000.00 1440000.00 1440000.00 1440000.00 1440000.00 0 World Bank Ministry of Lands and Natural Resources, Dept of Game and Wildlife; Environmental Protection Agency 0 World Bank Ministry of Lands and Natural Resources, Dept of Game and Wildlife; Environmental Protection Agency 0 World Bank Ministry of Lands and Natural Resources, Dept of Game and Wildlife; Environmental Protection Agency 0 World Bank Ministry of Lands and Natural Resources, Dept of Game and Wildlife; Environmental Protection Agency 7200000 GEF XI-BRIDGE-6385676864-136 Global Environment Facility NA Note: Disbursement data provided is cumulative and covers disbursement made by the project Agency.Global Environment Facility World Bank Ministry of Lands and Forests CEO Endorsement Date Actual Implementation Start Date Expected Completion Date Actual Completion Date ' Ghana +![cdata[Biodiversity]]+ 1740000.00 1740000.00 1740000.00 1740000.00 1740000.00 0 World Bank Ministry of Lands and Forests 0 World Bank Ministry of Lands and Forests 0 World Bank Ministry of Lands and Forests 0 World Bank Ministry of Lands and Forests 0 World Bank Ministry of Lands and Forests 0 World Bank Ministry of Lands and Forests 0 World Bank Ministry of Lands and Forests 0 World Bank Ministry of Lands and Forests 8700000 GEF XI-BRIDGE-6385676864-333 Global Environment Facility NA Note: Disbursement data provided is cumulative and covers disbursement made by the project Agency.Global Environment Facility UNDP Ministry of Mines and Energy, Ghana CEO Endorsement Date Actual Implementation Start Date Expected Completion Date Actual Completion Date ' Ghana +![cdata[Biosphere protection]]+ 494400.00 494400.00 494400.00 494400.00 494400.00 0 UNDP Ministry of Mines and Energy, Ghana 0 UNDP Ministry of Mines and Energy, Ghana 0 UNDP Ministry of Mines and Energy, Ghana 0 UNDP Ministry of Mines and Energy, Ghana 2472000 GEF XI-BRIDGE-6385676864-777 Global Environment Facility NA Note: Disbursement data provided is cumulative and covers disbursement made by the project Agency.Global Environment Facility World Bank Ministry of Lands and Forests/Ministry of Health CEO Endorsement Date Actual Implementation Start Date Expected Completion Date Actual Completion Date ' Ghana +![cdata[Biodiversity]]+ 1520000.00 1520000.00 1520000.00 1520000.00 1520000.00 0 World Bank Ministry of Lands and Forests/Ministry of Health 0 World Bank Ministry of Lands and Forests/Ministry of Health 0 World Bank Ministry of Lands and Forests/Ministry of Health 0 World Bank Ministry of Lands and Forests/Ministry of Health 0 World Bank Ministry of Lands and Forests/Ministry of Health 0 World Bank Ministry of Lands and Forests/Ministry of Health 0 World Bank Ministry of Lands and Forests/Ministry of Health 7600000 GEF XI-BRIDGE-6385676864-817 Global Environment Facility NA Note: Disbursement data provided is cumulative and covers disbursement made by the project Agency.Global Environment Facility UNDP Friends of the Earth/Ghana CEO Approval Date Actual Implementation Start Date Actual Completion Date ' Ghana +![cdata[Biodiversity]]+ 173333.33 173333.33 173333.33 0 UNDP Friends of the Earth/Ghana 0 UNDP Friends of the Earth/Ghana 0 UNDP Friends of the Earth/Ghana 520000 GEF XI-BRIDGE-6385676864-2183 Global Environment Facility NA Note: Disbursement data provided is cumulative and covers disbursement made by the project Agency.Global Environment Facility World Bank Okyeman Environment Foundation CEO Approval Date Actual Implementation Start Date Expected Completion Date Actual Completion Date ' Ghana +![cdata[Environmental policy and administrative management]]+ 282666.67 282666.67 282666.67 0 World Bank Okyeman Environment Foundation 0 World Bank Okyeman Environment Foundation 0 World Bank Okyeman Environment Foundation 0 World Bank Okyeman Environment Foundation 0 World Bank Okyeman Environment Foundation 848000 GEF XI-BRIDGE-6385676864-2402 Global Environment Facility NA Note: Disbursement data provided is cumulative and covers disbursement made by the project Agency.Global Environment Facility UNDP University of Ghana and Consortium of Partners CEO Approval Date Actual Implementation Start Date Expected Completion Date Actual Completion Date ' Ghana +![cdata[Agricultural land resources]]+ 315000.00 315000.00 315000.00 0 UNDP University of Ghana and Consortium of Partners 0 UNDP University of Ghana and Consortium of Partners 0 UNDP University of Ghana and Consortium of Partners 0 UNDP University of Ghana and Consortium of Partners 0 UNDP University of Ghana and Consortium of Partners 945000 GEF XI-BRIDGE-6385676864-2596 Global Environment Facility NA Note: Disbursement data provided is cumulative and covers disbursement made by the project Agency.Global Environment Facility World Bank Ministry of Road Transport, Government of Ghana CEO Endorsement Date Actual Implementation Start Date Expected Completion Date Actual Completion Date ' Ghana +![cdata[Biosphere protection]]+ 1400000.00 1400000.00 1400000.00 1400000.00 1400000.00 0 World Bank Ministry of Road Transport, Government of Ghana 0 World Bank Ministry of Road Transport, Government of Ghana 0 World Bank Ministry of Road Transport, Government of Ghana 0 World Bank Ministry of Road Transport, Government of Ghana 0 World Bank Ministry of Road Transport, Government of Ghana 0 World Bank Ministry of Road Transport, Government of Ghana 0 World Bank Ministry of Road Transport, Government of Ghana 0 World Bank Ministry of Road Transport, Government of Ghana 7000000 GEF XI-BRIDGE-6385676864-2785 Global Environment Facility NA Note: Disbursement data provided is cumulative and covers disbursement made by the project Agency.Global Environment Facility UNDP EPA Ghana CEO Endorsement Date Actual Implementation Start Date Expected Completion Date Actual Completion Date ' Ghana +![cdata[Environmental policy and administrative management]]+ 589140.00 589140.00 589140.00 589140.00 589140.00 0 UNDP EPA Ghana 0 UNDP EPA Ghana 0 UNDP EPA Ghana 0 UNDP EPA Ghana 0 UNDP EPA Ghana 0 UNDP EPA Ghana 0 UNDP EPA Ghana 2945700 GEF XI-BRIDGE-6385676864-2886 Global Environment Facility NA Note: Disbursement data provided is cumulative and covers disbursement made by the project Agency.Global Environment Facility World Bank Ministry of Energy CEO Endorsement Date Actual Implementation Start Date Expected Completion Date Actual Completion Date ' Ghana +![cdata[Biosphere protection]]+ 1100000.00 1100000.00 1100000.00 1100000.00 1100000.00 0 World Bank Ministry of Energy 0 World Bank Ministry of Energy 0 World Bank Ministry of Energy 0 World Bank Ministry of Energy 0 World Bank Ministry of Energy 0 World Bank Ministry of Energy 0 World Bank Ministry of Energy 5500000 GEF XI-BRIDGE-6385676864-3045 Global Environment Facility NA Note: Disbursement data provided is cumulative and covers disbursement made by the project Agency.Global Environment Facility UNEP Ministry of Environment, Science and Technology CEO Approval Date Actual Implementation Start Date Expected Completion Date Actual Completion Date ' Ghana +![cdata[Biodiversity]]+ 212121.33 212121.33 212121.33 0 UNEP Ministry of Environment, Science and Technology 0 UNEP Ministry of Environment, Science and Technology 0 UNEP Ministry of Environment, Science and Technology 0 UNEP Ministry of Environment, Science and Technology 0 UNEP Ministry of Environment, Science and Technology 0 UNEP Ministry of Environment, Science and Technology 636364 GEF XI-BRIDGE-6385676864-3126 Global Environment Facility NA Note: Disbursement data provided is cumulative and covers disbursement made by the project Agency.Global Environment Facility UNDP Ministry of Environment and Science CEO Approval Date Actual Implementation Start Date Expected Completion Date Actual Completion Date ' Ghana +![cdata[Environmental policy and administrative management]]+ 158333.33 158333.33 158333.33 0 UNDP Ministry of Environment and Science 0 UNDP Ministry of Environment and Science 0 UNDP Ministry of Environment and Science 0 UNDP Ministry of Environment and Science 475000 GEF XI-BRIDGE-6385676864-3369 Global Environment Facility NA Note: Disbursement data provided is cumulative and covers disbursement made by the project Agency.Global Environment Facility World Bank Ministry of Environment, Science, and Technology (MEST) CEO Endorsement Date Actual Implementation Start Date Expected Completion Date Actual Completion Date ' Ghana +![cdata[Agricultural land resources]]+ 1430000.00 1430000.00 1430000.00 1430000.00 1430000.00 0 World Bank Ministry of Environment, Science, and Technology (MEST) 0 World Bank Ministry of Environment, Science, and Technology (MEST) 0 World Bank Ministry of Environment, Science, and Technology (MEST) 0 World Bank Ministry of Environment, Science, and Technology (MEST) 0 World Bank Ministry of Environment, Science, and Technology (MEST) 0 World Bank Ministry of Environment, Science, and Technology (MEST) 7150000 World Bank Ministry of Environment, Science, and Technology (MEST) 0 World Bank Ministry of Environment, Science, and Technology (MEST) 0 World Bank Ministry of Environment, Science, and Technology (MEST) 7150000 World Bank Ministry of Environment, Science, and Technology (MEST) 7150000 GEF XI-BRIDGE-6385676864-3836 Global Environment Facility NA Note: Disbursement data provided is cumulative and covers disbursement made by the project Agency.Global Environment Facility World Bank Ministry of Land, and Natural Resources CEO Approval Date Actual Implementation Start Date Expected Completion Date Actual Completion Date ' Ghana +![cdata[Biodiversity]]+ 333333.33 333333.33 333333.33 0 World Bank Ministry of Land, and Natural Resources 1680084 World Bank Ministry of Land, and Natural Resources 1000000 GEF XI-BRIDGE-6385676864-3881 Global Environment Facility NA Note: Disbursement data provided is cumulative and covers disbursement made by the project Agency.Global Environment Facility UNDP ENERGY COMMISSION CEO Endorsement Date Actual Implementation Start Date Expected Completion Date Actual Completion Date ' Ghana +![cdata[Biosphere protection]]+ 344545.40 344545.40 344545.40 344545.40 344545.40 0 UNDP ENERGY COMMISSION 0 UNDP ENERGY COMMISSION 0 UNDP ENERGY COMMISSION 0 UNDP ENERGY COMMISSION 0 UNDP ENERGY COMMISSION 1722727 GEF XI-BRIDGE-6385676864-4528 Global Environment Facility NA Note: Disbursement data provided is cumulative and covers disbursement made by the project Agency.Global Environment Facility World Bank Secretariat of the Fisheries Commission, Ghana CEO Endorsement Date Actual Implementation Start Date Expected Completion Date Actual Completion Date ' Ghana +![cdata[Water sector policy and administrative management]]+ 700000.00 700000.00 700000.00 700000.00 700000.00 0 World Bank Secretariat of the Fisheries Commission, Ghana 0 World Bank Secretariat of the Fisheries Commission, Ghana 0 World Bank Secretariat of the Fisheries Commission, Ghana 0 World Bank Secretariat of the Fisheries Commission, Ghana 3461287 World Bank Secretariat of the Fisheries Commission, Ghana 3367458 World Bank Secretariat of the Fisheries Commission, Ghana 93829 World Bank Secretariat of the Fisheries Commission, Ghana 0 World Bank Secretariat of the Fisheries Commission, Ghana 3500000 GEF XI-BRIDGE-6385676864-5221 Global Environment Facility NA Note: Disbursement data provided is cumulative and covers disbursement made by the project Agency.Global Environment Facility World Bank National Government of Ghana CEO Endorsement Date Actual Implementation Start Date Expected Completion Date Actual Completion Date ' Ghana +![cdata[Environmental policy and administrative management]]+ 1750000.00 1750000.00 1750000.00 1750000.00 1750000.00 0 World Bank National Government of Ghana 0 World Bank National Government of Ghana 8074619 World Bank National Government of Ghana 637733 World Bank National Government of Ghana 37648 World Bank National Government of Ghana 0 World Bank National Government of Ghana 8750000 World Bank National Government of Ghana 8750000 GEF XI-BRIDGE-6385676864-9340 Global Environment Facility NA Note: Disbursement data provided is cumulative and covers disbursement made by the project Agency.Global Environment Facility World Bank Ministry of Environment, Science, Technology and Innovation (MESTI) CEO Endorsement Date Actual Implementation Start Date Expected Completion Date Actual Completion Date ' Ghana +![cdata[Biodiversity]]+ 2553766.40 2553766.40 2553766.40 2553766.40 2553766.40 3831000 World Bank Ministry of Environment, Science, Technology and Innovation (MESTI) 8793917 World Bank Ministry of Environment, Science, Technology and Innovation (MESTI) 143915 World Bank Ministry of Environment, Science, Technology and Innovation (MESTI) 12768832 World Bank Ministry of Environment, Science, Technology and Innovation (MESTI) 12768832 GEF XI-BRIDGE-6385676864-9851 Global Environment Facility Ghana: To reduce exposure to mercury and uPOPs pollution in pilot sites and strengthen the institutional capacity to manage and regulate mercury use in artisanal small-scale gold mining (ASGM) and e-waste. Overall PDO: To reduce exposure to mercury and uPOPs pollution in pilot sites and strengthen the institutional capacity to manage and regulate mercury use in artisanal small-scale gold mining (ASGM) and e-waste in selected countries in Africa. Note: Disbursement data provided is cumulative and covers disbursement made by the project Agency.Global Environment Facility World Bank CEO Endorsement Date Actual Implementation Start Date Expected Completion Date Actual Completion Date ' Ghana 1743119.20 1743119.20 1743119.20 1743119.20 1743119.20 985774 World Bank NA 1389017 World Bank NA 1136820 World Bank NA 0 World Bank NA 2873116 World Bank NA 8715596 GEF XI-BRIDGE-6385676864-10348 Global Environment Facility To strengthen integrated natural resource management and increase benefits to communities in targeted savannah and cocoa forest landscapes. (GEF financing is nested within the overall WB operation-GHANA LANDSCAPE RESTORATION AND SMALL-SCALE MINING PROJECT) Note: Disbursement data provided is cumulative and covers disbursement made by the project Agency.Global Environment Facility World Bank EPA (under MESTI) and MLNR CEO Endorsement Date Actual Implementation Start Date Expected Completion Date ' Ghana Daffiama Bussie Issa District 10.3916 -2.3341 Mamprugo Moaduri District 10.233 -1.2818 Sekyere Afram Plains North 7.2167 -0.7408 Twifo Ati-Morkwa 5.6753 -1.5985 Kwahu Afram Plains South 6.8956 -0.3653 Builsa South 10.5382 -1.3345 Ghana 8.1 -1.2 Sissala West 10.8077 -2.2785 Wa East 9.9929 -1.8685 Sissala East 10.7049 -1.7539 Talensi Nabdam 10.7167 -0.8 Sawla Tuna Kalba 9.2732 -2.4135 Bawku West 10.9167 -0.5167 Sene 7.6112 -0.4502 Adansi South 6.0667 -1.4 Asante Akim South District 6.478 -1.084 Assin North 5.7 -1.2833 Atwima Mponua 6.6 -2.1167 Bosome Freho 6.4167 -1.3333 East Akim 6.2159 -0.4437 Ejisu Juaben 6.68 -1.379 Kassena Nankana 10.895 -1.0939 Kwahu East 6.6667 -0.75 Kwahu North 7.0445 -0.0794 Kwahu South 6.6438 -0.648 Prestea-Huni Valley 5.5667 -2.0167 Kwahu West 6.55 -0.7667 West Gonja 9.0833 -1.8167 West Mamprusi 10.35 -0.8 +![cdata[Agricultural land resources]]+ +![cdata[Food crop production]]+ +![cdata[Biodiversity]]+ +![cdata[Food security policy and administrative management]]+ 2551376.20 2551376.20 2551376.20 2551376.20 2551376.20 2304598 World Bank EPA (under MESTI) and MLNR 1442190 World Bank EPA (under MESTI) and MLNR 3052171 World Bank EPA (under MESTI) and MLNR 1097940 World Bank EPA (under MESTI) and MLNR 12756881 GEF XI-BRIDGE-6385676864-10401 Global Environment Facility To strengthen the national capacity of Ghana to transition to a circular economy framework that addresses plastic leak-age into the country’s oceans and waterways, facilitates sustainable plastics management through operationalising the National Plastic Action Partnership (NPAP-GPAP) and the National Plastic Management Policy (NPMP; and ultimately ends marine plastic pollution and reduces the unintentional emissions of POPs (u-POPs). Note: Disbursement data provided is cumulative and covers disbursement made by the project Agency.152. Broadly, the project will result in the creation of jobs within the circular economy and encourage enterprises operating within the circular plastic economy to hire more workers, conduct product innovation and ensure resilience of business models during a transition to the circular economy. First, companies will hire more workers. Secondly, product and service innovation will allow consumers to make more informed choices about their consumption of plastic products and alternatives. The support for market making activities such as the promotion of plastic alternatives and the adoption of circular economy standards for plastics products provides further opportunities to afford consumers a more sustainable consumption choice.153. The circular economy provides significant opportunities for new forms of employment, especially for the most vulnerable members of society including women and the informal sector. Livelihoods that depend on plastics will be protected through training and upskilling offered in the project such that the transition to a circular plastics economy does not have a detrimental impact on the informal workforce operating in the plastics sector. This will make the transition from linear to circular economy a just transition. As a result of the Gender Mainstreaming Strategy outlined in the project, women will be provided with specific training and learning opportunities to encourage their active participation within the circular economy. Furthermore, the adoption of the gender mainstreaming strategy will take consideration of both men’s and women’s experiences, concerns, and needs. With the setting of targets for improving female participation in training in this project, as well as the enlargement of female participation in decision making, this project will contribute to an improved condition of gender equality within existing companies.154. Due to training and communication activities within the project, behavioural changes are also expected. These behavioural changes will reduce pressure on the environment by encouraging Ghanaian citizens to think of plastics as having value and prevent its disposal in the environment. By incentivizing pilots to scale up operations in the project, additional plastic waste will be collected which will reduce the presence of plastics in communities and help prevent both UPOP and GHG emissions from the open burning of plastic waste. Through communication activities, the project will raise awareness of the health hazards of POPs and UPOPs which will help shift consumption patterns toward sustainable plastics alternatives. 155. These socioeconomic benefits will directly translate into global environmental benefits in the following ways:• Behavioural changes and attitudinal changes will promote the use of plastic and shift the perception of plastics from waste to a resource with value. • It will ensure that plastic waste is properly collected and sorted and sent to designated enterprises for recycling and upcycling. • It will reduce the amount of plastic waste which is open-burnt and reduce both UPOPs and GHG emissions. • Furthermore, proper collection promoted through the project and the accompanying pathways for plastic use promoted by the project will reduce the amount of plastic waste littered on land. Therefore, the amount of waste ending up in the waterways and ultimately in the marine environment will also be reduced.Global Environment Facility UNIDO Ministry of Environment, Science, Technology and Innovation/EPA CEO Endorsement Date Actual Implementation Start Date Expected Completion Date ' Ghana +![cdata[Water resources conservation (including data collection)]]+ +![cdata[River basins development]]+ +![cdata[Chemicals]]+ 1400000.00 1400000.00 1400000.00 1400000.00 1400000.00 864072 UNIDO Ministry of Environment, Science, Technology and Innovation/EPA 0 UNIDO Ministry of Environment, Science, Technology and Innovation/EPA 4735121 UNIDO Ministry of Environment, Science, Technology and Innovation/EPA 700257 UNIDO Ministry of Environment, Science, Technology and Innovation/EPA 7000000 GEF XI-BRIDGE-6385676864-10616 Global Environment Facility To reduce the use of mercury and increase incomes in the ASGM sector in the participating countries through a holistic, multisectoral integrated formalization approach, and increasing access to finance leading to adoption of sustainable mercury free technologies and access to traceable gold supply chains. Note: Disbursement data provided is cumulative and covers disbursement made by the project Agency.The Government of Ghana (GoG) has a strong record of ratifying and domesticating global and regional commitments, including Multi-lateral Environmental Agreements (MEAs) related to sustainable land, forest, and waste management. In 2017, the Government articulated a national vision for a prosperous nation through the creative use of human and natural resources, operating within a democratic, open, and fair society with mutual trust and economic opportunities exist for all. As a prominent advocate for the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), the GoG highlighted the alignment of this vision and its national policy frameworks with the 2030 development Agenda, and Agenda 2063. The project’s goal is to minimize risks to mercury exposure to human beings and the environment due to the use of mercury in the ASGM sector in compliance with the Minamata Convention, recognizing the multi-dimensional impacts of artisanal and small-scale gold mining on the environment, health and rural poverty. At the District level, the implementation of coordinated demonstration actions with the private sector in the field will show the opportunities of institutional integration and coordination, private-driven investments, will demonstrate that the positive results of these pilot interventions would serve to improve and enforce current regulation for environmentally sound management of mercury in the ASGM sector. Innovative market interventions offer alternative solutions to other West African parties of the Minamata Convention and will follow and integrate these strategies in their efforts to phase out chemical hazardous substances. For this, a public awareness and communication strategy for the elimination of mercury, related wastes and safer alternatives should result in direct gains for the citizens and the environment. Additional economic and social benefits that will be brought on by the project: · Reduced health impact from the exposure to hazardous chemicals, particularly the use of mercury for the amalgamation of gold for gold mining as well as for gold extraction. The project estimates to increase awareness of about 360,000 people, of which 180,000 females and 180,000 males. · Considered newly identified risks related to the global pandemic amid the COVID-19 virus that may affect the implementation of the project, especially to Indigenous and Tribal Peoples. · Job creation through opportunities enhanced in the deployment of mercury-free technologies. · Improved policy, regulatory, monitoring and analysis frameworks, to safeguard human health and the environment.How do these benefits translate in supporting the achievement of global environment benefits (GEF Trust Fund) or adaptation benefits (LDCF/SCCF)? In the BAU national context of the Ghana economy, limiting the country´s capacity on elimination of mercury in the ASGM sector will put a heavy burden in the compliance of international regulations committed by this country with the Minamata Convention. The Global Environmental Benefits (GEB) of the project at the CEO endorsement stage, are the same as presented at the PIF stage. The positive impacts of the project will include the following reduction: Ø Nine (9) tons of mercury avoided.Global Environment Facility UNDP Global Environment Facility UNIDO Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) of the Ministry of Environment, Science, Technology and Innovation (MESTI) CEO Endorsement Date Actual Implementation Start Date Expected Completion Date ' Ghana Accra 5.55602 -0.1969 +![cdata[Chemicals]]+ +![cdata[Precious metals/materials]]+ 129167 UNDP Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) of the Ministry of Environment, Science, Technology and Innovation (MESTI) 129167 UNIDO Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) of the Ministry of Environment, Science, Technology and Innovation (MESTI) 474624 UNDP Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) of the Ministry of Environment, Science, Technology and Innovation (MESTI) 474624 UNIDO Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) of the Ministry of Environment, Science, Technology and Innovation (MESTI) 6350000 GEF 6350000 GEF XI-BRIDGE-6385676864-11375 Global Environment Facility Improve agricultural productivity and food security through integrated and sustainable value chain development in Ghana’s cocoa forest landscape Note: Disbursement data provided is cumulative and covers disbursement made by the project Agency.Yes. please see project documentsGlobal Environment Facility World Bank Environmental Protection Agency under the Ministry of Eviornment, Science, Technology and Innovation (MESTI) CEO Endorsement Date Expected Completion Date ' Ghana 13942064 GEF XI-BRIDGE-6385676864-11690 Global Environment Facility Strengthen Ghana’s agricultural sector with a sustainable and climate-resilient system by reducing reliance on harmful agrochemicals, strengthening soil and water management, and promoting circular, climate-smart practices Note: Disbursement data provided is cumulative and covers disbursement made by the project Agency.Global Environment Facility UNIDO University of Ghana CEO Approval Date ' Ghana 5000000 GEF